What are urological diseases?

Understanding urological diseases

Urological diseases encompass a wide range of conditions related to the filtration and transport of urine out of the body. They can affect people of all ages, men, women and children.

In women, urological diseases usually affect the urinary tract, while in men they may affect the urinary tract or the reproductive organs.

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Common urological diseases

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1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

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BPH is the enlargement of the prostate gland, common in older men. Although it is not related to prostate cancer, it can cause:

• Frequent urination.
• Weak urine stream.
  
• Incomplete emptying of the bladder.

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Treatment:

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• Medications such as alpha-blockers.
• Surgery for severe cases.

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2. Urinary incontinence

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This disease involves loss of bladder control, resulting in unwanted urine leakage. It affects more than 15 million people in the U.S.

Common causes:

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• Pregnancy or childbirth.
• Overactive bladder or weak bladder muscles.
• Urinary tract infections.
• Diseases such as Parkinson's or multiple sclerosis.

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Treatment:

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• Lifestyle changes (e.g., fluid control).
• Surgery for severe cases.

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3. Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)

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UTIs occur when bacteria or viruses invade the urinary tract. They are more common in women, and 40% experience a symptomatic UTI at some time.

Symptoms:

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• Burning sensation when urinating.
• Frequent urination.
• Sensation of incomplete emptying of the bladder.

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Treatment:

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• Antibiotics usually eliminate UTIs in 5-7 days.

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4. Kidney and ureteral stones

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Kidney stones form when crystals in the urine clump together. Ureteral stones occur when they move into the ureters.

Symptoms:

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• Intense pain.
• Urinary flow obstruction.

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Treatment:

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• Small stones usually come out naturally.
• Larger stones may require:some text
  • Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL): Uses sound waves to break stones into smaller pieces.
  • Surgical removal in severe cases.

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Other common urological conditions

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• Prostate cancer
• Bladder cancer
• Bladder prolapse
• Hematuria (blood in the urine)
• Erectile dysfunction (ED)
• Interstitial cystitis (painful bladder syndrome)
• Overactive bladder
• Prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland)

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Take control of your urological health

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Recognizing the signs of urologic diseases and seeking early treatment can make a significant difference in the management of these conditions.

Make an appointment with Las Mercedes Medical Centers today to discuss any urological concerns you may have.

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Source: Healthline.com